| Function: |
Gap junction protein that acts as a regulator of bladder capacity. A gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell. May play a critical role in the physiology of hearing by participating in the recycling of potassium to the cochlear endolymph. Negative regulator of bladder functional capacity: acts by enhancing intercellular electrical and chemical transmission, thus sensitizing bladder muscles to cholinergic neural stimuli and causing them to contract (By similarity). May play a role in cell growth inhibition through the regulation of NOV expression and localization. Plays an essential role in gap junction communication in the ventricles (By similarity). |
| Tissue Specificity: |
Expressed in the heart and fetal cochlea. |
| Involvement in Disease: |
Oculodentodigital dysplasia: A disease characterized by a typical facial appearance and variable involvement of the eyes, dentition, and fingers. Characteristic facial features include a narrow, pinched nose with hypoplastic alae nasi, prominent columella and thin anteverted nares together with a narrow nasal bridge, and prominent epicanthic folds giving the impression of hypertelorism. The teeth are usually small and carious. Typical eye findings include microphthalmia and microcornea. The characteristic digital malformation is complete syndactyly of the fourth and fifth fingers (syndactyly type III) but the third finger may be involved and associated camptodactyly is a common finding. Cardiac abnormalities are observed in rare instances.
Oculodentodigital dysplasia, autosomal recessive: A disease characterized by a typical facial appearance and variable involvement of the eyes, dentition, and fingers. Characteristic facial features include a narrow, pinched nose with hypoplastic alae nasi, prominent columella and thin anteverted nares together with a narrow nasal bridge, and prominent epicanthic folds giving the impression of hypertelorism. The teeth are usually small and carious. Typical eye findings include microphthalmia and microcornea. The characteristic digital malformation is complete syndactyly of the fourth and fifth fingers (syndactyly type III) but the third finger may be involved and associated camptodactyly is a common finding. Cardiac abnormalities are observed in rare instances.
Syndactyly 3: A form of syndactyly, a congenital anomaly of the hand or foot marked by persistence of the webbing between adjacent digits that are more or less completely attached. In SDTY3, there is usually complete and bilateral syndactyly between the fourth and fifth fingers. Usually it is soft tissue syndactyly but occasionally the distal phalanges are fused. The fifth finger is short with absent or rudimentary middle phalanx. The feet are not affected.
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome 1: A syndrome due to defective development of the aorta proximal to the entrance of the ductus arteriosus, and hypoplasia of the left ventricle and mitral valve. As a result of the abnormal circulation, the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale are patent and the right atrium, right ventricle, and pulmonary artery are enlarged.
Hallermann-Streiff syndrome: A disorder characterized by a typical skull shape (brachycephaly with frontal bossing), hypotrichosis, microphthalmia, cataracts, beaked nose, micrognathia, skin atrophy, dental anomalies and proportionate short stature. Mental retardation is present in a minority of cases.
Atrioventricular septal defect 3: A congenital heart malformation characterized by a common atrioventricular junction coexisting with deficient atrioventricular septation. The complete form involves underdevelopment of the lower part of the atrial septum and the upper part of the ventricular septum; the valve itself is also shared. A less severe form, known as ostium primum atrial septal defect, is characterized by separate atrioventricular valvar orifices despite a common junction.
Craniometaphyseal dysplasia, autosomal recessive: An osteochondrodysplasia characterized by hyperostosis and sclerosis of the craniofacial bones associated with abnormal modeling of the metaphyses. Sclerosis of the skull may lead to asymmetry of the mandible, as well as to cranial nerve compression, that may finally result in hearing loss and facial palsy.
Erythrokeratodermia variabilis: A genodermatosis characterized by the appearance of two independent skin lesions: transient figurate erythematous patches and hyperkeratosis that is usually localized but occasionally occurs in its generalized form. Clinical presentation varies significantly within a family and from one family to another. Palmoplantar keratoderma is present in around 50% of cases.
Palmoplantar keratoderma and congenital alopecia 1: A rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by severe hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles, and congenital hypotrichosis or alopecia. Dystrophic nail changes occur in some patients. |
| Sequence Similarities: |
Belongs to the connexin family. Alpha-type (group II) subfamily. |
| Post-Translational Modification: |
Phosphorylated at Ser-368 by PRKCG; phosphorylation induces disassembly of gap junction plaques and inhibition of gap junction activity (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-325, Ser-328 and Ser-330 by CK1 modulates gap junction assembly. Phosphorylation at Ser-368 by PRKCD triggers its internalization into small vesicles leading to proteasome-mediated degradation (By similarity). |
| Cellular Location: |
Cell membrane. Cell junction > Gap junction. Endoplasmic reticulum.
Localizes at the intercalated disk (ICD) in cardiomyocytes and the proper localization at ICD is dependent on TMEM65. |
| Database Links: |
Entrez Gene: 2697?HumanEntrez Gene: 14609?MouseOmim: 121014?HumanSwissProt: P17302?HumanSwissProt: P23242?MouseUnigene: 74471?HumanUnigene: 378921?Mouse |
| Synonyms: |
Connexin 43 AntibodyConnexin 43 / GJA1 AntibodyConnexin-43 AntibodyCx 43 AntibodyCx43 AntibodyCXA1_HUMAN AntibodyDFNB38 AntibodyGap junction 43 kDa heart protein AntibodyGap junction alpha-1 protein AntibodyGap junction protein alpha 1 43kDa AntibodyGap junction protein alpha 1 43kDa (connexin 43) AntibodyGap junction protein alpha like AntibodyGJA 1 AntibodyGja1 AntibodyGJAL AntibodyODD AntibodyODDD AntibodyODOD AntibodySDTY3 Antibody |
| Information: |
Target information shown above is from the UniProt Consortium. |
